Full Record - Activity (saltwater immersion) data from wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) breeding at Bird Island, 1999-2023

Activity (saltwater immersion) data from wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) breeding at Bird Island, 1999-2023

GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/02242

Abstract:
This dataset contains activity (immersion) data collected using archival geolocator-immersion loggers retrieved from 448 wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) breeding on Bird Island, South Georgia. All birds were known breeders in the year of tracking. The loggers tested for immersion every three seconds and recorded either (a) the number of positive (wet) samples in a 10-minute bin ("binned"), or (b) the time of each change of state from wet to dry or vice versa that lasted six seconds or more ("high_res"). All files are in .csv format.

This work was funded as part of the Bird Island Long-term Monitoring Programme at BAS.

Citation:
Phillips, R.A., Carneiro, A.P.B., Catry, P., Froy, H., Xavier, J.C., & Thorne, L. (2026). Activity (saltwater immersion) data from wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) breeding at Bird Island, 1999-2023 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/8e303c28-c96a-49e7-951d-2d69c0b6f032

Access Data

GET DATA:

http://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=8e303c28-c96a-49e7-951d-2d69c0b6f032

License

Access:	This dataset is under embargo until the publication of the relevant manuscript.
Use:	This data is governed by the NERC data policy http://www.nerc.ac.uk/research/sites/data/policy/ and supplied under Open Government Licence v.3 http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/.

Authors

Name	UK Polar Data Centre
Role(s)	Metadata Author
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Prof Richard A Phillips
Role(s)	Investigator, Technical Contact
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr Ana P B Carneiro
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	BirdLife International

Name	Dr Paulo Catry
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA - Instituto Universitario

Name	Dr Hannah Froy
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Edinburgh University

Name	Dr Jose C Xavier
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Universidade de Coimbra

Name	Prof Lesley Thorne
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Stony Brook University

Basic Information

Creation Date:	2026-07-09
Dataset Progress:	Complete
Dataset Language:	English
ISO Topic Categories:	Biota
Parameters:	Biosphere > Ecological Dynamics > Feeding Habitat Biosphere > Zoology

Additional Information

Reference:	These data were used in the following manuscript: Gillies, N., Phillips, R. A., Weimerskirch, H., Potts, J. R., Réale, D., Wilson, A. J., Angelier, F., Barbraud, C., Bennison, A., Delord, K., Lemesle, P., Peroteau, S., Wood, A. G., Xavier, J. C., Patrick, S. C. (2026) Contrasting associations between parental coordination and breeding success in albatrosses across differing environmental contexts. (in prep.) For deployment and other details, see previous papers that included part or all of these data as follows: Darby, J., Phillips, R.A., Weimerskirch, H., Xavier, J.C., Pereira, J.M., Wakefield, E.D. and Patrick, S. (2024) Strong winds reduce foraging success in albatrosses. Current Biology 34, P5615-5621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.018 O'Neil, E.K., Frankish, C.K. and Phillips, R.A. (2023) Rafting behaviour of albatrosses and petrels at South Georgia. Polar Biology 46, 597-610. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-023-03146-4 Carneiro, A.P.B., Dias, M.P., Oppel, S., Pearmain, E.J., Clark, B.L., Wood, A.G., Clavelle, T. and Phillips, R.A. (2022) Integrating immersion with GPS data improves behavioural classification for wandering albatrosses and shows scavenging behind fishing vessels mirrors natural foraging. Animal Conservation 25, 627-637. https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12768 Bentley, L.K., Kato, A., Ropert-Coudert, Y., Manica, A. and Phillips, R.A. (2021) Diving behaviour of albatrosses: implications for foraging ecology and bycatch susceptibility. Marine Biology 168, 36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-021-03841-y Johnson, L.R., Boersch-Supan, P.H., Phillips, R.A. and Ryan, S.J. (2017) Changing measurements or changing movements? Sampling scale and movement model identifiability across multiple generations of biologging technology. Ecology and Evolution 7, 9257-9266. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3461 Froy, H., Lewis, S., Catry, P., Bishop, C.M., Forster, I.P., Fukuda, A., Higuchi, H., Phalan, B., Xavier, J.C., Nussey, D.H. and Phillips, R.A. (2015) Age-related variation in foraging behaviour in the wandering albatross at South Georgia: no evidence for senescence. PLoS ONE 10, e0116415. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116415 Ceia, F.R., Phillips, R.A., Ramos, J.A., Cherel, Y., Vieira, R.P., Richard, P. and Xavier, J.C. (2012) Short- and long-term consistency in the foraging niche of wandering albatrosses. Marine Biology 159, 1581-1591. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-1946-1 Wakefield, E.D., Phillips, R.A., Matthiopoulos, J., Fukuda, A., Higuchi, H., Marshall, G.J. and Trathan, P.N. (2009). Wind field and sex constrain flight speeds of central-place foraging albatrosses. Ecological Monographs 79, 663-679. https://doi.org/10.1890/07-2111.1 Edwards, A.M., Phillips, R.A., Watkins, N.W., Freeman, M.P., Murphy, E.J., Afanasyev, V., Buldyrev, S.V., da Luz, M.G.E., Raposo, E.P., Stanley, H.E. and Viswanathan, G.M. (2007) Revisiting Lévy flight search patterns of wandering albatrosses, bumblebees and deer. Nature 449, 1044-1049. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06199 Phalan, B, Phillips, R.A., Silk, J.R.D., Afanasyev, V., Fukuda, A., Fox, J., Catry, P., Higuchi, H. and Croxall, J.P. (2007) Foraging behaviour of four albatross species by night and day. Marine Ecology Progress Series 340, 271-286. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps340271 Scripts used to process the data for use in this manuscript can be found on Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19090542
Quality:	Data categorised as 'suspect' when originally decompressed indicate 48 h bins in which there were fewer or more readings than expected. These have been filtered out of the dataset.
Lineage/Methodology:	Data were collected during the breeding period between austral summers 1998/99 and 2022/23. All tracked birds were part of long-term studies and were fitted with a metal ring and a plastic ring with a unique alphanumeric code for individual identification. Birds were equipped with combined geolocator-immersion (global location sensor; GLS) loggers (British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK or Migrate Technology Ltd, Cambridge UK; <3.5g, <0.15% body mass). The loggers tested for immersion every three seconds and recorded either (a) the number of positive (wet) samples in a 10-minute bin ("binned"), or (b) the time of each change of state from wet to dry or vice versa that lasted six seconds or more ("high_res"). Scripts used to process the data for use in this manuscript can be found on Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19090542

REFERENCE MATERIALS:

RELATED DATA SET METADATA:

SOFTWARE PACKAGES:

VIEW RELATED INFORMATION:

https://www.migratetech.co.uk/

Extent

Temporal Coverage:
Start Date	1999-01-10
End Date	2023-04-18

Spatial Coverage:
Latitude
Southernmost	-54.0115
Northernmost	-54.0115
Longitude
Westernmost	-38.05
Easternmost	-38.05
Altitude
Min Altitude	N/A
Max Altitude	N/A
Depth
Min Depth	N/A
Max Depth	N/A

Data Resolution:
Latitude Resolution	N/A
Longitude Resolution	N/A
Horizontal Resolution Range	N/A
Vertical Resolution	N/A
Vertical Resolution Range	N/A
Temporal Resolution	Loggers tested every 3 seconds
Temporal Resolution Range	N/A

Location:
Location	South Georgia Island
Detailed Location	Bird Island

Instrumentation

Data Collection:	GLS-immersion loggers: British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK, or Migrate Technology Ltd, Cambridge UK; <3.5g, <0.15% body mass. Activity data were combined into a single .csv file using R, version 4.3.1 (2023-06-16 ucrt).

Storage

Distribution:
Distribution Media	Online Internet (HTTP)
Distribution Size	1.4GB
Distribution Format	ASCII
Fees	N/A

Data Storage:	The dataset consists of 1x .csv file: bi_waal_gls_1999-2023.csv [1.4GB]

Discovery Metadata System

BAS Discovery Metadata System