Full Record - BEDMAP2 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised shapefiles and geopackages

BEDMAP2 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised shapefiles and geopackages

GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01618

Abstract:
We present here the Bedmap2 ice thickness, bed and surface elevation aggregated points and survey lines. The aggregated points consist of statistically-summarised shapefile points (centred on a continent-wide 500 m x 500 m grid) that reports the average values of ice thickness, bed and surface elevation from the full-resolution survey data and information on their distribution. The points presented here correspond to the additional points to Bedmap1 used for the gridding of Bedmap2.
The data comes from 14 different data providers and 75 individual surveys. They are available as geopackages and shapefiles.

The associated Bedmap datasets are listed here: https://www.bas.ac.uk/project/bedmap/#data

This work is supported by the SCAR Bedmap project and the British Antarctic Survey's core programme: National Capability - Polar Expertise Supporting UK Research

Citation:
Fretwell, P., Pritchard, H., Vaughan, D., Bamber, J., Barrand, N., Bell, R., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R., Blankenship, D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Callens, D., Conway, H., Cook, A., Corr, H., Damaske, D., Damn, V., Ferraccioli, F., Forsberg, R., ... Bodart, J. (2022). BEDMAP2 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised shapefiles and geopackages (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/0f90d926-99ce-43c9-b536-0c7791d1728b

Access Data

GET DATA:

https://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=0f90d926-99ce-43c9-b536-0c7791d1728b

License

Access:	None
Use:	This data is covered by a Creative Commons License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Further by downloading this data the user acknowledges that they agree with the NERC data policy (http://www.nerc.ac.uk/research/sites/data/policy.asp), and the following conditions: 1. To cite the data and the Bedmap2 publication in any publication as follows: REFERENCE: Fretwell, P., Pritchard, H. D., Vaughan, D. G., Bamber, J. L., Barrand, N. E., Bell, R., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R. G., Blankenship, D. D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Callens, D., Conway, H., Cook, A. J., Corr, H. F. J., Damaske, D., Damm, V., Ferraccioli, F., Forsberg, R., Fujita, S., Gim, Y., Gogineni, P., Griggs, J. A., Hindmarsh, R. C. A., Holmlund, P., Holt, J. W., Jacobel, R. W., Jenkins, A., Jokat, W., Jordan, T., King, E. C., Kohler, J., Krabill, W., Riger-Kusk, M., Langley, K. A., Leitchenkov, G., Leuschen, C., Luyendyk, B. P., Matsuoka, K., Mouginot, J., Nitsche, F. O., Nogi, Y., Nost, O. A., Popov, S. V., Rignot, E., Rippin, D. M., Rivera, A., Roberts, J., Ross, N., Siegert, M. J., Smith, A. M., Steinhage, D., Studinger, M., Sun, B., Tinto, B. K., Welch, B. C., Wilson, D., Young, D. A., Xiangbin, C., and Zirizzotti, A.: Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica, The Cryosphere, 7, 375-393, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-375-2013, 2013. DATA: Fretwell, P., Pritchard, H., Vaughan, D., Bamber, J., Barrand, N., Bell, R. E., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R., Blankenship, D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Callens, D., Conway, H., Cook, A., Corr, H., Damaske, D., Damn, V., Ferraccioli, F., Forsberg, R., ... Bodart, J. (2022). BEDMAP2 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised shapefiles and geopackages (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/0F90D926-99CE-43C9-B536-0C7791D1728B 2. The user recognizes the limitations of data. Use of the data is at the users' own risk, and there is no warranty as to the quality or accuracy of any data, or the fitness of the data for your intended use. The data are not necessarily fully quality assured and cannot be expected to be free from measurement uncertainty, systematic biases, or errors of interpretation or analysis, and may include inaccuracies in error margins quoted with the data.

Access:

None

Use:

This data is covered by a Creative Commons License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Further by downloading this data the user acknowledges that they agree with the NERC data policy (http://www.nerc.ac.uk/research/sites/data/policy.asp), and the following conditions:

1. To cite the data and the Bedmap2 publication in any publication as follows:

REFERENCE:
Fretwell, P., Pritchard, H. D., Vaughan, D. G., Bamber, J. L., Barrand, N. E., Bell, R., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R. G., Blankenship, D. D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Callens, D., Conway, H., Cook, A. J., Corr, H. F. J., Damaske, D., Damm, V., Ferraccioli, F., Forsberg, R., Fujita, S., Gim, Y., Gogineni, P., Griggs, J. A., Hindmarsh, R. C. A.,
Holmlund, P., Holt, J. W., Jacobel, R. W., Jenkins, A., Jokat, W., Jordan, T., King, E. C., Kohler, J., Krabill, W., Riger-Kusk, M., Langley, K. A., Leitchenkov, G., Leuschen, C., Luyendyk, B. P., Matsuoka, K., Mouginot, J., Nitsche, F. O., Nogi, Y., Nost, O. A., Popov, S. V., Rignot, E., Rippin, D. M., Rivera, A., Roberts, J., Ross, N., Siegert, M. J., Smith, A. M., Steinhage, D., Studinger, M., Sun, B., Tinto, B. K., Welch, B. C., Wilson, D., Young, D. A., Xiangbin, C., and Zirizzotti, A.: Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica, The Cryosphere, 7, 375-393, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-375-2013, 2013.

DATA:
Fretwell, P., Pritchard, H., Vaughan, D., Bamber, J., Barrand, N., Bell, R. E., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R., Blankenship, D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Callens, D., Conway, H., Cook, A., Corr, H., Damaske, D., Damn, V., Ferraccioli, F., Forsberg, R., ... Bodart, J. (2022). BEDMAP2 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised shapefiles and geopackages (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/0F90D926-99CE-43C9-B536-0C7791D1728B

2. The user recognizes the limitations of data. Use of the data is at the users' own risk, and there is no warranty as to the quality or accuracy of any data, or the fitness of the data for your intended use. The data are not necessarily fully quality assured and cannot be expected to be free from measurement uncertainty, systematic biases, or errors of interpretation or analysis, and may include inaccuracies in error margins quoted with the data.

Authors

Name	UK Polar Data Centre
Role(s)	Metadata Author
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr Peter T Fretwell
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr Hamish D Pritchard
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Prof David Vaughan
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr Jonathan Bamber
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	University of Bristol

Name	Dr N. E Barrand
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr R.E. Bell
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA

Name	Dr C Bianchi
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

Name	Prof Robert Bingham
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	University of Edinburgh

Name	Dr Donald Blankenship
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas

Name	Dr G. Casassa
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Centro de Estudios Cientificos

Name	Dr Ginny Catania
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	University of Texas

Name	Dr D. Callens
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Laboratoire de Glaciologie, Universite Libre de Bruxelles

Name	Dr H Conway
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington

Name	Dr Alison J Cook
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Mr Hugh Corr
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr D Damaske
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University Bremen

Name	Dr V. Damm
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources

Name	Dr Fausto Ferraccioli
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr Rene Forsberg
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	DTU Space

Name	Dr S. Fujita
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	National Institute of Polar Research

Name	Dr Y. Gim
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Jet Propulsion Laboratory. California Institute of Technology

Name	Dr P. Gogineni
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	University of Alabama

Name	Dr J. A Griggs
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol

Name	Dr Richard Hindmarsh
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr P. Holmlund
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Stockholm University

Name	Dr J.W. Holt
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	University of Arizona

Name	Dr R. W Jacobel
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	St. Olaf College

Name	Dr Adrian Jenkins
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Northumbria University

Name	Dr Wilfried Jokat
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research

Name	Dr Tom A Jordan
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr Edward King
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr Jack Kohler
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Norwegian Polar Institute

Name	Dr W. Krabill
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	NASA Wallops Flight Facility

Name	Dr M. Riger-Kusk
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Western Norway University of Applied Sciences

Name	Dr K. A Langley
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo

Name	Dr G. Leitchenkov
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Institute for Geology and Mineral Resources of the World Ocean

Name	Dr C. Leuschen
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Centre for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets, University of Kansas

Name	Dr B. Luyendyk
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Earth Research Institute, University of California

Name	Dr Kenichi Matsuoka
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Norvegian Polar Institute

Name	Dr Jeremie Mouginot
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Univeristy of California

Name	Dr Frank O Nitsche
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University

Name	Dr Y. Nogi
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan

Name	Dr O. A Nost
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Norwegian Polar Institute

Name	Dr O. A Nost
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Norwegian Polar Institute

Name	Dr S. V Popov
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Polar Marine Geosurvey Expedition

Name	Dr Eric Rignot
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	University of California

Name	Dr David Rippin
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	University of York

Name	Dr Andres Rivera
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Centro de Estudios Cientificos

Name	Dr J.L. Roberts
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Department of the Environment, Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Tasmania

Name	Dr Neil Ross
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Newcastle University

Name	Dr Martin Siegert
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Imperial College London

Name	Dr Andrew M Smith
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Dr D. Steinhage
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research

Name	Dr M. Studinger
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Name	Dr B. Sun
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Polar Research Institute of China

Name	Dr Kirsty Tinto
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory

Name	Dr B. C Welch
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	St. Olaf College

Name	Dr D.S. Wilson
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Marine Science Institute, University of California

Name	Dr Duncan Young
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas

Name	Dr C. Xiangbin
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Polar Research Institute of China

Name	Dr A. Zirizzotti
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

Name	Ms Alice C Fremand
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Name	Mr Julien Bodart
Role(s)	Investigator
Organisation	British Antarctic Survey

Basic Information

Creation Date:	2022-02-28
Dataset Progress:	Planned
Dataset Language:	English
ISO Topic Categories:	Elevation Geoscientific Information
Parameters:	Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets > Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets > Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets > Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography

Additional Information

Reference:	REFERENCE MATERIALS Fretwell, P., Pritchard, H. D., Vaughan, D. G., Bamber, J. L., Barrand, N. E., Bell, R., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R. G., Blankenship, D. D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Callens, D., Conway, H., Cook, A. J., Corr, H. F. J., Damaske, D., Damm, V., Ferraccioli, F., Forsberg, R., Fujita, S., Gim, Y., Gogineni, P., Griggs, J. A., Hindmarsh, R. C. A., Holmlund, P., Holt, J. W., Jacobel, R. W., Jenkins, A., Jokat, W., Jordan, T., King, E. C., Kohler, J., Krabill, W., Riger-Kusk, M., Langley, K. A., Leitchenkov, G., Leuschen, C., Luyendyk, B. P., Matsuoka, K., Mouginot, J., Nitsche, F. O., Nogi, Y., Nost, O. A., Popov, S. V., Rignot, E., Rippin, D. M., Rivera, A., Roberts, J., Ross, N., Siegert, M. J., Smith, A. M., Steinhage, D., Studinger, M., Sun, B., Tinto, B. K., Welch, B. C., Wilson, D., Young, D. A., Xiangbin, C., and Zirizzotti, A.: Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica, The Cryosphere, 7, 375-393, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-375-2013, 2013. Lythe, M. B. and Vaughan, D. G.: BEDMAP-bed topography of the Antarctic, British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, 2000. Lythe, M. B. and Vaughan, D. G.: BEDMAP: A new ice thickness and subglacial topographic model of Antarctica, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 106, 11335-11351, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JB900449, 2001. DATA: BEDMAP1 Lythe, M., Vaughan, D., BEDMAP 1, consortia, Fremand, A., & Bodart, J. (2022). BEDMAP1 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised data points (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/F64815EC-4077-4432-9F55-0CE230F46029 Lythe, M., Vaughan, D., BEDMAP 1, consortia, Fremand, A., & Bodart, J. (2022). BEDMAP1 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised shapefiles and geopackages (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/925AC4EC-2A9D-461A-BFAA-6314EB0888C8 BEDMAP2 Fretwell, P., Fremand, A., Bodart, J., Pritchard, H., Vaughan, D., Bamber, J., Barrand, N., Bell, R. E., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R., Blankenship, D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Callens, D., Conway, H., Cook, A., Corr, H., Damaske, D., Damn, V., ... Zirizzotti, A. (2022). BEDMAP2 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised data points (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/2FD95199-365E-4DA1-AE26-3B6D48B3E6AC Fretwell, P., Pritchard, H., Vaughan, D., Bamber, J., Barrand, N., Bell, R. E., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R., Blankenship, D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Callens, D., Conway, H., Cook, A., Corr, H., Damaske, D., Damn, V., Ferraccioli, F., Forsberg, R., ... Bodart, J. (2022). BEDMAP2 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised shapefiles and geopackages (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/0F90D926-99CE-43C9-B536-0C7791D1728B Fretwell, P., Pritchard, H., Vaughan, D., Bamber, J., Barrand, N., Bell, R. E., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R., Blankenship, D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Callens, D., Conway, H., Cook, A., Corr, H., Damaske, D., Damn, V., Ferraccioli, F., Forsberg, R., ... Zirizzotti, A. (2022). BEDMAP2 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - gridding products (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/FA5D606C-DC95-47EE-9016-7A82E446F2F2 BEDMAP3 Fremand, A., Fretwell, P., Bodart, J., Pritchard, H., Aitken, A., Bamber, J., Bell, R. E., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R., Blankenship, D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Christianson, K., Conway, H., Corr, H., Cui, X., Damaske, D., Damn, V., Drews, R., .... Zirizzotti, A. (2022). BEDMAP3 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised data points (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/91523FF9-D621-46B3-87F7-FFB6EFCD1847 Fretwell, P., Pritchard, H., Fremand, A., Bodart, J., Aitken, A., Bamber, J., Bell, R. E., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R., Blankenship, D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Christianson, K., Conway, H., Corr, H., Cui, X., Damaske, D., Damn, V., Drews, R., ... Zirizzotti, A. (2022). BEDMAP3 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised shapefiles and geopackages (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/A72A50C6-A829-4E12-9F9A-5A683A1ACC4A
Quality:	All non-value data were converted to -9999, including any negative ice thickness values and any points with clear outliers. We checked the minimum and maximum values of each field to ensure the data are in a reasonable range and calculated mean and standard deviation on each dataset to identify potential issues. For example, if longitude/latitude values did not fall within the expected -180 to 180 or -50 to -90 degrees range respectively, the entire row was removed. When no ice thickness values were provided but surface and bed elevation values existed, we simply calculated ice thickness by subtracting the surface value from the bed value. At times, bed elevation was higher than surface elevation, likely due to issues with the semi-automatic picker used to extract the surface and bed reflector or a lack of distinctive reflectors in areas of shallow ice. To prevent this affecting the gridded product, we converted these values to -9999 for both the surface and the bed. Finally, we also conducted routine checks on the ice thickness data by comparing the given ice thickness value with the inferred ice thickness calculated from subtracting surface with bed. If these did not match, we placed -9999 on the ice thickness values. File naming conventions were also used throughout to easily identify a specific dataset as follows: DataProvider_Year_CampaignName_TypeofData_BM3. The type of data used was separated into three categories: Airborne Radar (AIR), Ground-based Radar (GRN), and Seismic (SEI) data. The "BM3" abbreviation at the end identifies the datasets was part of the Bedmap3 compilation to differentiate from the Bedmap 1 and 2 (BM1 and BM2) compilations. For instance, the file named 'NASA_2019_ICEBRIDGE_AIR_BM3.csv' refers to the ICEBRIDGE airborne campaign led by NASA in 2019.
Lineage/Methodology:	The data consist of the Bedmap3 standardised CSV (doi: ) data converted to statistically-summarised points and lines. Lines were calculated automatically from the CSV data and split each time a gap of more than 5 km between two data points was found. The spatial distribution of the full-resolution survey CSV point data is extremely heterogeneous with, for example, dense, metre-scale sampling along modern flight-lines that are often separated across-track by kilometres to hundreds of kilometres, and this heterogeneity varies between campaigns and data providers. Such an uneven data distribution can cause gridding algorithms to be overly weighted to those areas with the highest sampling frequency, to the detriment of adjacent areas with valid data but sparser sampling. To reduce the impact of data density on gridding, the statistically-summarised shapefile point dataset (centred on a continent-wide 500 m x 500 m grid) reports the average values of the full-resolution survey data plus information on their distribution. These summary statistics enable assesment of the confidence in the averaged data values and the variability of the measurements within each cell (e.g., bed roughness). The variables consists of the following: Cnt_bed Number of points for bed elevation Cnt_surf Number of points for surface elevation Cnt_thick Number of points for ice thickness IQR_bed Interquartile range for bed elevation points (Meters) IQR_surf Interquartile range for surface elevation points (Meters) IQR_thick Interquartile range for ice thickness points (Meters) Max_bed Maximum value of bed elevation (Meters) Max_surf Maximum value of surface elevation (Meters) Max_thick Maximum value of ice thickness (Meters) Mean_bed Mean value of bed elevation (Meters) Mean_dist Mean distance between cell centre and points (Meters) Mean_surf Mean value of surface elevation (Meters) Mean_thick Mean value of ice thickness (Meters) Med_bed Median value of bed elevation (Meters) Med_surf Median value of surface elevation (Meters) Med_thick Median value of ice thickness (Meters) Min_bed Minimum value of bed elevation (Meters) Min_surf Minimum value of surface elevation (Meters) Min_thick Minimum value of ice thickness (Meters) SD_bed Standard deviation of bed elevation (Meters) SD_surf Standard deviation of surface elevation (Meters) SD_thick Standard deviation of ice thickness (Meters) STE_bed Standard error of bed elevation (Meters) STE_surf Standard error of surface elevation (Meters) STE_thick Standard error of ice thickness (Meters)

PROJECT HOME PAGE:

REFERENCE MATERIALS:

RELATED DATA SET METADATA:

Extent

Temporal Coverage:
Start Date	1991-01-01
End Date	2013-12-31

Spatial Coverage:
Latitude
Southernmost	-90
Northernmost	-60
Longitude
Westernmost	-180
Easternmost	180
Altitude
Min Altitude	N/A
Max Altitude	N/A
Depth
Min Depth	N/A
Max Depth	N/A

Data Resolution:
Latitude Resolution	N/A
Longitude Resolution	N/A
Horizontal Resolution Range	500 meters - < 1 km
Vertical Resolution	N/A
Vertical Resolution Range	N/A
Temporal Resolution	N/A
Temporal Resolution Range	N/A

Location:
Location	Antarctica
Detailed Location	N/A

Instrumentation

Sensor(s):	RADAR ECHO SOUNDERS
Source(s):	AIRCRAFT
Data Collection:	The primary source data consist of survey point measurements of ice thickness, bed elevation and surface elevation, which principally comes from airborne radar surveys and seismic soundings, and to a smaller extent from ground-based radar surveys.

Storage

Distribution:
Distribution Media	Online Internet (HTTP)
Distribution Size	2 GB
Distribution Format	SHP
Fees	N/A